Pathology Unaffects The Linear Growth Of Fetal Long Bones

K.B.SWAMY, 2006

AMC, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh.

The present study analyses the relative linear growth and proportionality of the long bones of l04 aborted fetuses based on the radiographic measurements of diaphyseal length and recorded crown heel length(CHL). The data is generated from the radiographs of the above 104 fetuses. The second data is generated from the autopsy records of the fetuses of soft tissue examination. In many cases it is found that there is no pathology while others showed some or other problems like placental disorders and some fetuses showed acute pathology like hyaline membrane disease. These cases are compared with those in which the pathology is proved in the postmortem examination. The above subjects are divided in to 10 groups according to the femur length and HCL measurements corresponding to the gestational ages between 16th and 40th weeks.

In this study it is revealed that the linear growth of the long bones is not significantly affected by the pre-natal pathology. It is also revealed that the proportionate relationship between the linear length of long bones and the crown heel length are stable and predictable. This fact is consistently utilised clinically by the radiologists and sonologists as well.

Journal of the Anatomical Society of India

http://www.indmedica.com/journals.php?journalid=8&issueid=95&articleid=1302&action=article

PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC DIAGNOSIS FOR COUPLES AT HIGH RISK OF DOWN'S SYNDROME PREGNANCY OWING TO RENTAL TRANSLOCATION OR MOSAICISM

K.B. Swamy,2003
Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam-(A.P)

The population risk for trisomy 21 is 1 in 700 births but some couples are at much higher risk owing to parental translocation or mosaicism. The report is on the first attempt to carry out preimplantation genetic diagnosis for two such couples using cleavage stage embryo biopsy and dual colour FISH analysis, Each couple underwent two treatment cycles.

Couple 1 (suspected gonadal mosaicism for trisomy 21) had two embryos normal for chromosome 21 transferred, but no pregnancy resulted; 64% (7/11) unfertilized oocytes/embryos showed chromosome 21 eneuploidy. Couple 2 (46, XX, t(6;21) (q13;q22.3) had a single embryo transferred resulting in a biochemical pregnancy; 91% (10/11) oocytes/embryos showed chromosome 21 imbalance, most resulting from 3 : 1 seggregation of this translocation at gametogenesis. The opportunity to test embryos before implantation enables the outcome of female meiosis to be studied for the first time and the recurrence risk for a Down syndrome pregnancy to be assessed.

Journal of the Anatomical Society of India

http://www.indmedica.com/journals.php?journalid=8&issueid=35&articleid=464&action=article

FREQUENCY OF CORONARY ARTERY PREDOMINANCE IN HUMAN HEARTS

Kaki Bale Swamy, 2009
Faculty of Medicine/ Anatomy, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

ABSTRACT
Materials & Methods: 30 hearts were collected from the cadavers .They were carefully dissected and examined for the type of pattern of coronary vasculature. A dye was also injected for visualization of the coronary blood vessels and observed that how many hearts are of right predominance and how many are of left predominance. Like wise 460 coronary angiograms were also studied and noted the fact that how many hearts belongs to "Right predominance and how many hearts are of "left predominance".

Summary& results: The study with 30 cadaver hearts revealed that 90% of hearts are of right coronary predominance and 10% of them showed left predominance. From 460 angiograms of the live hearts of the patients attending the hospitals showed 85% ( 391) of right coronary artery predominance while 15% (69) of left coronary artery predominance. Among the smokers, 37% had Single vessel disease (SVD), 29% had Double vessel disease (DVD),24% had Triple vessel disease (TVD) and 10% of them had no significant cardiac disease. Among the hypertensive patients had 38% SVD, 29% DVD, 22% TVD and 11% had no significant cardiac disease. Among the diabetic patients had 38% SVD, 28% DVD, 25% TVD and 9% had no significant cardiac disease.

Conclusion: The right coronary artery is the predominant artery in most cases according to this study.
The Journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/content/meeting_abstract/23/1_MeetingAbstracts/645.1
citation:
http://www.radiologycases.com/casereports/?mod=case_html&id=90

CONSANGUINITY, MATERNAL AGE AND PARITY INFLUENCE THE INCIDENCE OF CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS IN FETUS

Image Source: http://www.people.virginia.edu/~rjh9u/hdevsum.html

Swamy KB, 2010
University Darul Iman Malaysia
International Anatomical Sciences and Cell Biology Conference 2010
http://www.med.nus.edu.sg/ant/iascbc2010/attachments/abstracts/Abstracts_Poster_Presentations_1.pdf

MATERIALS & METHODS: For the present study 1010 infants/ fetuses from King George Hospital and Victoria Government hospitals Visakhapatnam, India, during the period 2004 and 2006 were taken and studied that 17 subjects were found with congenital anomalies. Personal and maternal details of pregnant women i.e. age, consanguinity and maternal details like gravida, parity, history of any affected siblings in the family were recorded. Photographs and X-ray photographs of infants/fetuses were taken. The dead fetuses were embalmed with 10% formalin and preserved for further investigations.

SUMMARY AND RESULTS: From the above study of 17 congenital anomalous babies, 11 (64.70%) had consanguineous parents. 15 out of 17 (88.23 %) abnormal babies were born to young mothers, whereas out of 76 elderly (above 35 years of age) mothers, only 2 mothers (2.63% ) delivered anomalous babies and out of 934 young mothers only 15 (1.60 %) gave birth to abnormal babies. Comparative study showed that 9 (1.11%) out of 808 primi gravidas, 7 (3.68 %) out of multigravidae, and 1(8.33 %) out of total grand multigravidae, gave birth to abnormal babies. It shows that there is significant increase in incidence of abnormal babies to beget to elderly women. There are 13 types of anomalies recognised such as–anencephaly-5, Hydrocephaly-1, Cleft lip and palate-1,Talipus equinovarus-1, Congenital hydrocoele-1, Turner’s syndrome-1, Spinabifida with meningocoele-1, Exompholus-1, Bifid scrotum-1, Recto-urethral fistula-1, Sacrococcygeal tertoma-1, Ectopiavesicae-1 and Meningocoele-1.

CONCLUSIONS: The total number of infants/fetuses born are 1010 of which 563 were male, 447 are female. Among the 1010 new born 17(1.68%) were having congenital abnormaliti es. Out of 17 anomalous babies 14 are male and 3 are female. Consanguinity, maternal age, parity etc. influence the incidence of congenital anomalies.

Infant Feeding Practices Among Slum Dwellers Of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh

K. B. Swamy, R. Sambasiva Rao, J.Sriviraja Rani¹, G.Lakshmi, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin,Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. ¹ Dept.of Anthropology.Center for Social Exclusion and Inclusive Policy, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam

UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN CONFERENCE ON WELLNESS, 2010

ABSTRACT

To study the pattern of infant feeding practices among the lactating women of slum areas of Visakhapatnam, Urban slums, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. Out of 251 listed slums, 31 were selected at random from the Corporation area. Two anganwadi centers from each slum were selected under second stage of stratification. From each anganwadi center 25 eligible nursing mothers were selected as respondents to get information on feeding practices. Thus a total of 1650 nursing mothers were selected to study their infant feeding practices.1630 lactating mothers were predesigned and pretested with questionnaire. The prevalence of ever breast fed rate was 100% among urban slum population of Visakhapatnam. The exclusive breastfeeding rate was 4 and predominant breast feeding rates were very high. Discarding of colostrums was noticed among 17.2 per cent of mothers, while pre-lacteal feeding was still in practice among 32.0 per cent of women. Breast feeding is an accepted practice in this community; though they are well exposed to urbanization. Some of the women are still delaying the initiation of breast feeding.

Key Words: Breast feeding, Relli women, Exclusive breast feeding, Colostrums, Visakhapatnam urban slums

source: http://www.unisza.edu.my/ucw2010/